The Italy-Albania Protocol: Italy’s Externalization of Border Control in the Mediterranean Prompts Human Rights Concerns

Written by Ashley Rooney Introduction Italy has the largest recorded population of voluntary emigrants in modern history, with 13 million people leaving the country between 1880 and 1915 alone. However, in the 1970s, Italy experienced a shift from its status as an emigrant country to an immigrant country when large numbers of people relocated to…
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Balancing National Security and Human Rights—How U.S. Refugee Policy Evolves and Interacts with International Laws

Written by Martin Ma Since 1950s, there has been a surge in the immigration population to the United States despite some fluctuations. Among this surging immigration population, there are large numbers of refugees coming from other parts of the world. The U.S. accommodates refugees out of humanitarian concerns. However, refugees affect the U.S. from the…
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Alone Among Democracies: America’s Return to Capital Punishment

Written by Julie Gobble On January 20, 2025, President Donald Trump issued an executive order that drastically reshaped the nation’s approach to capital punishment. The directive reverses Biden-era policies, expanding the federal government’s role in executions and mandating that it pursue capital punishment in all cases deemed severe enough to warrant it. It highlights explicitly…
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Greenwashing in Fashion: Can International Law Stop Deceptive Sustainability Claims?

Written by Erin Soro  The fashion industry has long been under scrutiny for its environmental impact. In recent years, brands have increasingly marketed themselves as “sustainable” or “carbon neutral.” Many of these claims constitute greenwashing—exaggerating or fabricating sustainability efforts to attract environmentally conscious consumers. Fashion brands have never been environmental darlings, but their use of carbon…
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Fujimori’s Influence from Beyond the Grave: How Peru’s New Impunity Law Could Impede Justice for Crimes Against Humanity Victims

Written by Taylor Potenziano On August 7, 2024, Peru enacted Law 32107, more commonly known as the “impunity law.” The law establishes that no one can be prosecuted or sentenced for war crimes or crimes against humanity committed before July 1, 2002. The Popular Force party, led by Keiko Fujimori, the daughter of Peru’s notorious…
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No More Chains: A Proposed Solution to End Sex and Labor Trafficking in Libya Through the Intervention of the African Union’s Peace and Security Council

Written by Bolu Jegede   Introduction For the ninth year in a row, Libya remains a special case in the U.S. Department of State Trafficking in Persons Report, underscoring its persistent struggles with human trafficking and lawlessness amid ongoing instability. Libya ranks as one of the worst places for trafficking in the world, although the number…
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